介绍一下关于足球的一些普通常识~
足球（football），是世界公认的最具影响力的单项体育运动。足球起源于中国古代战国时期的齐国，当时把足球名为“蹴鞠”，但是足球不是中国发展起来的。而是由英格兰发展起来的，后来传到了世界各地。标准的11人制足球比赛由两队各派10名球员与1名守门员，总共22人，在长方形的草地球场上对抗、防守、进攻。足球比赛的目的是尽量将足球射入对方的球门内，每射入一球就可以得到一分，当比赛完毕后，得分多的一队则胜出。如果在比赛规定时间内得分相同，则须看比赛章则而定，可以抽签、加时再赛或互射点球（十二码） 等形式比赛分高下。足球比赛中除了守门员可以在己方禁区内利用手部接触足球外，球场上每名球员只可以利用手以外的身体其他部分控制足球（开界外球例外），比如胸部，头部，大腿都可以接触足球，但是一般还是以脚为主。比赛分为两个半场，每半场45分钟。特殊情况经裁判员和双方同意另定除外。任何改变比赛时间的协议（如因光线不足每半场减少到40分钟）必须在比赛开始之前制定，并要符合竞赛规程。足球比赛通过掷币，猜中的队决定上半场比赛的进攻方向，另一队开球开始比赛，而且猜中的队在下半场开球开始比赛，下半场比赛两队交换比赛场地。足球比赛开球是比赛开始和重新开始的一种方式，在比赛开始时，在进球得分后，在下半场比赛开始时，在决胜期两个半场开始时，开球可以直接射门得分。足球比赛所有队员在本方半场内，开球队的对方队员，应距球至少9.15米 (10码)，直到比赛进行，球应放定在中心标记上，当裁判员发出信号，球被踢并向前移动时比赛即为进行，开球队员在球未经其他队员触及前不得再次触球。某队进球得分后，由另一队开球。扩展资料足球越位进攻球员在出球时那一刻（不管是传球还是射门，触球出球那瞬间），在进攻半场（我方防守半场的另一半场）其他进攻方球员，他们所在的位置点构成的平行于底线的线是否比倒数第二个防守球员更靠近对方球门。即倒数第二个防守人员平行于底线的线为越位线，越位线到底线甚至出了底线为越位区，越位线最多到中线，以及是否同时比足球更接近对方底线。达成条件后视为处于越位位置。但处于越位位置不犯规。越位是足球规则中很重要的一条规则，也是较复杂的规则。容易使球迷混淆的是以下这几点：1、如果同队队员回传球或平行传球时（即球与接球人平行，距对方球门线相等），接球人不算越位，因为他并未在球前面，仅与球平行。2、判罚越位的关键，不是在队员接球时而是在同队队员传球时即同队队员踢球或顶球的一刹那。当传球时，接球队员如果不处在越位位置，而是在踢出的球在空中或在接球时跑到越位位置，不得判罚越位。相反，虽然队员在同队队员传球时处于越位位置，然后又跑回非越位位置接球，则应判罚越位。在对方队员踢球时，同队队员停球或带球时，无论哪方的队员，无论在何位置，均无越位犯规可言。因为判定越位是指同队队员传球时的一刹那，这是判定越位的主旨和关键所在。3、如果守方队员故意退出场外造成攻方队员越位属非体育的行为，裁判员不但不判攻队队员越位，反而应在成死球时给守方队员予以警告。4、队员如处于越位的位置，如果裁判员认为该队员没有影响比赛，没有阻碍对方的活动，或没有从所处的越位位置获得有利条件（即接门柱，横梁，或者对方身上的反弹球），不应判罚。同时，若进攻时有防守方球员因某些原因摔倒或冲出底线，裁判未鸣哨时，此时传球不存在越位犯规，因为有防守方球员在后面，仍然属于场上参与防守队员。5、在越位位置接经对方队员有意识触球（任一对方队员救球除外）而弹回或变向的球，算越位犯规。这一规定系指队员处越位地位，但救球给他的不是同队队员而是对方队员。不能因为是对方触及球而获益，因此应判罚越位犯规。救球指队员用除手以外身体的任何部分（守门员在罚球区内除外）来阻止即将进入球门或者距离球门很近的球。若对方有意识的踢球，则处于越位位置可以获得利益，而受到判罚。6、如果球进门时，一名攻方队员在球门柱之间的球门内保持不动，进球必须视为有效。7、如果进攻时有两名或多名进攻球员直接面对门将，所有防守球员皆被甩在身后，此时如果进攻球员出球，判断越位与否应以出球一瞬间，接球队员与球的位置对比为依据：如果球与接球队员平行或在接球队员前面，则不越位；如果球在接球队员身后，最后接球干扰比赛，则越位位置犯规。8、如果对方全员越过中场，越位判断同时以足球和中场线为基准。总的来说，我方出球瞬间，接球队员越过中场线进入对方半场且比球更靠近对方球门则越位，否则不越位。许多球迷误以为对方球员全过了半场，我方怎么传接球都不越位。实际是对方球员全过了半场，本方接球队员在本方半场内时怎么传都不越位。一旦我方队员越过中线接后场传球就满足了越位犯规的条件：比越位线更靠近球门；比足球更靠近球门；触球，所以是犯规的。（其实就是越位线从“位置可变的防守人”变为了“固定的中线”，其他判断依据相同）9、处于越位位置接角球（并不是没有意义，因为角球区有个弧度，产生夹角，进攻球员站在底线依然可产生越位位置的条件），界外球，球门球不犯规（一般以一切出了边界恢复用球，越位位置都不犯规来记忆）。参考资料来源 百度百科-足球规则参考资料来源 百度百科-足球参考资料来源 百度百科-越位
德国世界杯所有球队的名称是什么?(英文)
A
德国（Deutschland）
哥斯达黎加（Costa Rica）
波兰（Poland）
厄瓜多尔（Ecuador）
B
英格兰（England）
巴拉圭（Paraguay）
特立尼达和多巴哥（Trinidad and Tobago）
瑞典（Sweden）
C
阿根廷（Argentina）
科特迪瓦（Cote Divoire）
塞黑（Serbia and Montenegro）
荷兰（Netherlands）
D
墨西哥（Mexico）
伊朗（Iran）
安哥拉（Angola）
葡萄牙（Portugal）
E
意大利（Italy）
加纳（Ghana）
美国（United States of America）
捷克（Czech Republic）
F
巴西（Brazil）
克罗地亚（Croatia）
澳大利亚（Austria）
日本（Japan）
G
法国（France）
瑞士（Switzerland）
韩国（Korea）
多哥（Togo）
H
西班牙（Spain）
乌克兰（Ukraine）
突尼斯（Tunisia）
沙特（Saudi Arabia）
足球比赛规则英文介绍
足球比赛规则英文介绍 足球比赛规则英文介绍，在生活中有很多人喜欢看足球比赛，对于看足球比赛的人通常都是对规则比较了解的，通常人们介绍足球比赛的规则都是用多种语言来介绍的'，下面是足球比赛规则英文介绍。 足球比赛规则英文介绍1 Football is the world’s most popylar sport. We play football at the playground. We also have fun when we play football. We also call it soccer. Our students must do exercises everyday to stay healthy, and I’ve found that play football is a very good way to stay healthy. Football players must be rugged. It’s one of the most popular sports all over the world. We can run on the ground for a long time and we also can prove our friendship with the members of our team. More and more people like watching football matches. They can’t sleep or eat when their teams are playing. They shout for their players. I think many Chinese football players have done better match after match. But we will have a long way to go to Asia and to the world. We should learn from foreign teams. Foreign players and coaches must be invited. Dalian Wanda, Shanghai Shenhua and Guangdong Apollo are among the best teams. I love playing football, because I can play football to stay healthy, football is a good sport. 足球比赛规则英文介绍2 比赛分为两队参加，每队11人（一般情况下，比赛期间每队允许替换三名替补球员），其中必须有1名守门员。全场比赛为90分钟，分为上、下两个半场，每半场45分钟。 上、下半场之间的休息时间不得超过15分钟。比赛中有1名主裁判和2名边线裁判，每个半场，主裁判可以根据场上的伤病和换人耗时情况进行补时。 如果比赛必须决出胜负，则90分钟内两队若打平，进行上下半时各为15分钟的加时赛，若依然打平，则通过罚点球分出胜负。 The game is divided into two teams, each team has 11 players (generally, each team is allowed to replace three substitute players during the game), and one goalkeeper must be included. The game is 90 minutes, divided into the first half and the second half, each half 45 minutes. The break time between the first half and the second half shall not exceed 15 minutes. There is one chief referee and two sideline referees in the game. In each half court, the chief referee can make up time according to the injury on the field and the time spent in changing players. If the game has to be decided, then if the two teams draw within 90 minutes, the first half and the second half are 15 minutes of extra time. If they still draw, the penalty kick will be used to determine the winner or loser. 足球比赛规则英文介绍3 足球比赛规则由国际足球协会理事会（IFAB）制定并修改，是正规足球比赛所必须遵守的规则。 The rules of football match are formulated and revised by the Council of International Football Association (IFAB), which are the rules that must be followed in regular football matches. 从距每个球门柱内侧16.5米（18码）处，画两条垂直于球门线的线。 Five meters (yards) from the inside of each goal post, draw two lines perpendicular to the goal line. 这些线伸向比赛场地内16.5（18码）米，与一条平行于球门线的线相连接。 These lines extend into the field of play. Five meters (or yards) and connect to a line parallel to the goal line. 由这些线和球门线组成的区域范围才是罚球区。 The area woven by these lines and goal lines is the free throw area.
足球的比赛规则(用英语说)
分类: 体育/运动 >> 足球
问题描述:
我们要写一篇有关足球的英语作文,我急需足球的比赛规则的英文说法,希望各位智者,可以给予解答,本人非常感谢了!~
解析:
Football is the name given to a number of different, but related, team sports. The most popular of these worldwide (and by far the most popular sport worldwide) is association football, which can be abbreviated soccer. The English language word football is also applied to rugby football (rugby union and rugby league), North American football (American and Canadian), Australian rules football, and Gaelic football.
Some of the many different codes of football.While it is widely believed that the word football originated in reference to the action of a foot kicking a ball, there is a rival explanation, which has it that football originally referred to a variety of games in medieval Europe, which were played on foot.[1] These games were usually played by peasants, as opposed to the horse-riding sports often played by aristocrats. While there is no conclusive evidence for this explanation, the word football has always implied a variety of games played on foot, not just those that involved kicking a ball. In some cases, the word football has been applied to games which have specifically outlawed kicking the ball. (See football (word) for more details.)
All football games involve scoring with a spherical or prolate spheroid ball (itself called a football), by moving the ball into, onto, or over a goal area or line defended by the opposing team. Many of the modern games have their origins in England, but many peoples around the world have played games which involved kicking and/or carrying a ball since ancient times.
The object of all football games is to advance the ball by kicking, running with, or passing and catching, either to the opponent's end of the field where points or goals can be scored by, depending on the game, putting the ball across the goal line beeen posts and under a cros *** ar, putting the ball beeen upright posts (and possibly over a cros *** ar), or advancing the ball across the opponent's goal line while maintaining possession of the ball.
In all football games, the winning team is the one that has the most points or goals when a specified length of time has elapsed.
History
For the history of only Association Football, see History of football (soccer)
Throughout the history of mankind the urge to kick at stones and other such objects is thought to have led to many early activities involving kicking and/or running with a ball. Football-like games predate recorded history in all parts of the world, and thus the earliest forms of football are not known.
Ancient games
Documented evidence of what is possibly the oldest anized activity resembling football can be found in a Chinese military manual written during the Han Dynasty in about 2nd century BC.
It describes a practice known as cuju (Traditional Chinese: 蹴鞠; Simplified Chinese: 蹴踘; Pinyin: cù jū) which involved kicking a leather ball through a hole in a piece of silk cloth strung beeen o 30 foot poles. Another Asian ball-kicking game, which may have been influenced by cuju, is kemari. This is known to have been played within the Japanese imperial court in Kyoto from about 600 AD. In kemari several individuals stand in a circle and kick a ball to each other, trying not to let the ball drop to the ground (much like keepie uppie). The game survived through many years but appears to have died out sometime before the mid 19th century. In 1903 in a bid to restore ancient traditions the game was revived and it can now be seen played for the benefit of tourists at a number of festivals.
Mesoamerican ballgames played with rubber balls are also well-documented as existing since before this time, and are thought to have resembled football in their earlier versions; but since later versions have more similarities to basketball or volleyball, and since their influence on modern football games is minimal, most do not class them as football.
The Greeks and Romans are known to have played many ball games some of which involved the use of the feet. The Roman writer Cicero describes the case of a man who was killed whilst having a shave when a ball was kicked into a barbers shop. The Roman game of Harpastum is believed to have been adapted from a team game known as "επισκυρος" (episkyros) or pheninda that is mentioned by Greek playwright, Antiphanes (388-311BC) and later referred to by Clement of Alexandria. The game appears to have vaguely resembled rugby.
There are a number of less well-documented references to prehistoric, ancient or traditional ball games, played by indigenous peoples all around the world. For example, William Strachey of the Jamestown settlement is the first to record a game played by the Native Americans called Pahsaheman, in 1610. In Victoria, Australia, Indigenous Australians played a game called Marn Grook. An 1878 book by Robert Brough-Smyth, The Aborigines of Victoria, quotes a man called Richard Thomas as saying, in about 1841, that he had witnessed Aboriginal people playing the game: "Mr Thomas describes how the foremost player will drop kick a ball made from the skin of a possum and how other players leap into the air in order to catch it." It is widely believed that Marn Grook had an influence on the development of Australian rules football (see below). In northern Canada and/or Alaska, the Inuit (Eskimos) played a game on ice called Aqsaqtuk. Each match began with o teams facing each other in parallel lines, before attempting to kick the ball through each other team's line and then at a goal.
These games and others may well go far back into antiquity and have influenced football over the centuries. However, the route towards the development of modern football games appears to lie in Western Europe and particularly England.
